{"id":3629,"date":"2026-10-01T14:01:49","date_gmt":"2026-10-01T07:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cauchuyennhanvan.com.vn\/?p=3629"},"modified":"2026-10-01T14:01:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-01T07:01:49","slug":"tham-hoa-hang-hai-tham-khoc-nhat-lich-su-pha-cho-khach-va-cham-tau-cho-dau-hon-4-000-nguoi-thiet-mang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cauchuyennhanvan.com.vn\/index.php\/2026\/10\/01\/tham-hoa-hang-hai-tham-khoc-nhat-lich-su-pha-cho-khach-va-cham-tau-cho-dau-hon-4-000-nguoi-thiet-mang\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: Ph\u00e0 ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch va ch\u1ea1m t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u, h\u01a1n 4.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u1ee5 ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u Dona Paz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 4.400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.<\/h2>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tai n\u1ea1n h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra, Titanic c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. V\u1ee5 ch\u00ecm Titanic l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t, x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 106 n\u0103m v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn 1.502 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng kho\u1ea3ng 1\/3 s\u1ed1 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n trong th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda ch\u00ecm ph\u00e0 Dona Paz \u2013 v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n phi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi 4.386 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1edf qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i, hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng<\/p>\n

Dona Paz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Onomichi Zosen \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1963 t\u1ea1i Onomichi, Hiroshima, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u00ean ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Himeyuri Maru. Sau \u0111\u00f3, con t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u00e1n cho m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a Philippines \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Philippines, nh\u1eefng con t\u00e0u nh\u01b0 Dona Paz r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 7.000 h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 5 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e1ng sinh n\u0103m 1987, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u00e0u Dona Paz \u0111\u1ec3 di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea3o Leyte t\u1edbi th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Manila. Theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, con t\u00e0u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1edf t\u1ed1i \u0111a 1.518 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, Dona Paz ch\u1edf h\u01a1n 4.400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 chen ch\u00fac l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n

\"\"
Ph\u00e0 Dona Paz \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Kh\u00f4ng ai trong s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 4.400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u00e0u ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n l\u00ean v\u00ec con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng. Ai c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng di chuy\u1ec3n khi ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu may m\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda, c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i 99,5% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u00e0u. \u01af\u1edbc t\u00ednh 4.386 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ec9 24 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 20\/12\/1987, Dona Paz kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean t\u00e0u khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng 3 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1edf qu\u00e1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ph\u00e9p mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn l\u1edbn h\u01a1n cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u00e0u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u0103ng l\u00ean. H\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, Dona Paz ch\u1edf h\u01a1n 4.400 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong khi con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169 k\u1ef9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c di chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng hay tr\u00e1nh va ch\u1ea1m tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Kho\u1ea3ng 22 gi\u1edd 30 ph\u00fat\u00a0 c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y, khi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111ang ng\u1ee7, Dona Paz b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1edd t\u1edbi. Khi \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c d\u1ecdc eo bi\u1ec3n Tablas, g\u1ea7n Marinduque, Dona Paz va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u kh\u00e1c mang t\u00ean Vector. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Vector \u0111ang ch\u1edf 8.800 th\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1ec5 b\u1eaft l\u1eeda kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00fa va ch\u1ea1m m\u1ea1nh khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng “bom n\u1ed5 ch\u1eadm” n\u00e0y nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u00f9ng ch\u00e1y, bi\u1ebfn Vector th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u ch\u00ecm trong bi\u1ec3n l\u1eeda theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a \u0111en.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. Ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan sang Dona Paz \u1edf b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c lan r\u1ed9ng ra khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n xung quanh, khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t tr\u00ean t\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

\n

\"Ph\u00e0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\"\"
C\u00fa va ch\u1ea1m x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u00eam<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Trong l\u00fac ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn tr\u00ean t\u00e0u. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n xung quanh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3n l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean t\u00e0u v\u00e0 ch\u1edd ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda lan t\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n l\u1eeda ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. D\u00f9 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Sau v\u1ee5 tai n\u1ea1n, ch\u1ec9 24 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 0,5% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch t\u1eebng l\u00ean t\u00e0u khi kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a 99,5% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf m\u1ea1ng trong th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Dona Paz v\u00e0 Vector nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u kh\u00e1c t\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111i ngang qua, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1n 90 ph\u00fat sau v\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch tr\u00ean Dona Paz \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. Ch\u1ec9 30′ sau, con t\u00e0u ch\u00ecm h\u1eb3n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ai?<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m khi\u1ebfn 4.386 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 26 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t, g\u1ed3m 24 h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Dona Paz v\u00e0 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean Vector.<\/p>\n

\"Th\u1ea3m<\/p>\n
<\/div>
H\u01a1n 4000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1\u00a0<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sau nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Dona Paz \u0111\u00e3 tham gia m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa ti\u1ec7c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam x\u1ea3y ra tai n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1eadp s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch khoang l\u00e1i. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o d\u1eabn t\u1edbi v\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng sai ph\u1ea1m c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c con t\u00e0u ch\u1edf qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, khi\u1ebfn tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i t\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n. Nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, Vector \u2013 con t\u00e0u ch\u1edf 8.800 th\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng sai ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111en \u0111\u1ee7i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh c\u00f9ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. H\u1ecfa ng\u1ee5c Dona Paz th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ed nh\u01b0 tai n\u1ea1n “Titanic c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c1”.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Time Magazine c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u1ee5 ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u Dona Paz \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t x\u1ea3y ra trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi […]<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chua-phan-loai"],"yoast_head":"\nTh\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: Ph\u00e0 ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch va ch\u1ea1m t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u, h\u01a1n 4.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng - Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cauchuyennhanvan.com.vn\/index.php\/2026\/10\/01\/tham-hoa-hang-hai-tham-khoc-nhat-lich-su-pha-cho-khach-va-cham-tau-cho-dau-hon-4-000-nguoi-thiet-mang\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m kh\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: Ph\u00e0 ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch va ch\u1ea1m t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u, h\u01a1n 4.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng - 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